Agar aap stock market ya financial market ke baare mein thoda bhi suna hai, toh aapne “equity trading” ka naam zarur suna hoga. Lekin yeh equity trading hota kya hai? Aur kaise kaam karta hai? Is article mein hum is concept ko simple shabdon mein samjhenge, taaki beginners bhi asaani se samajh sakein.
Table of Contents
## Equity Trading: Definition
Sabse pehle, yeh samajhna zaroori hai ki “equity” ka matlab kya hai. Equity ka matlab hota hai ownership ya hissedari. Jab aap kisi company mein equity kharidte hain, to aap us company ke shareholder (Hissedar) ban jaate hain, yani aapko company ke kuch hisson ka adhikaar milta hai. Aapko company ke profits ka hissa milta hai aur company ke decision-making process mein vote dene ka haq bhi milta hai (agar aapke paas sufficient shares hain).
Equity trading basically shares ka kharidna aur bechna hota hai. Stock market mein listed companies ke shares ko buy aur sell karna hi equity trading kehlaata hai. Yeh shares ek exchange platform (jaise ki NSE ya BSE in India) ke madhyam se kharide ya beche jaate hain.
Top 10 equity trading strategies
## Equity Trading Kaise Kaam Karta Hai?
Equity trading me sabse pehla kadam hota hai stock exchange pe listed companies ke shares ko kharidna. Stock market mein har ek share ka price supply aur demand ke according badhta ya girta hai. Jab kisi company ke shares ki demand zyada hoti hai, to uska price badhne lagta hai, aur jab demand kam hoti hai, to price girta hai.
Shareholders ko shares hold karne ke do fayde hote hain:
1.Capital Appreciation:
Jab shares ka price badhta hai, to aapko unhe bechkar profit kama sakte hain.
2.Dividends:
Kuch companies apne shareholders ko apne profits ka ek hissa dividend ke roop mein deti hain.
Trading do tareeke se ki ja sakti hai:
1.Intraday Trading:
Ismein aap ek hi din ke andar shares kharidte aur bechte hain. Yani aap same day stocks buy karke profit kamane ka try karte hain.
Best Intraday trading strategies
2.Delivery Trading:
Ismein aap shares ko ek lambi avdhi ke liye hold karte hain, yani aap unhe next day ya months baad bhi bech sakte hain. aap best shares ka analyis karne ke liye Trading view application ka use kar sakte ho.
## Equity Trading Ke Basic Concepts
Ab chaliye kuch aise key concepts ko samajhte hain jo equity trading ko achhi tarah se samajhne mein madad karte hain:
1.Stocks Kya Hote Hain?
Stocks, ya shares, kisi company mein ownership ka ek hissa hota hai. Jab aap kisi company ke shares kharidte hain, to aap us company ke ek small part ke malik ban jaate hain. Agar company grow karti hai, to aapko profit hota hai, aur agar company loss mein jati hai, to aapko bhi nukhsaan uthana padta hai.
2.Stock Exchange:
Stock exchange ek aisi jagah hai jahan companies apne shares ko list karti hain aur investors inhe kharidne ya bechne ke liye ek doosre se interact karte hain. India mein do bade stock exchanges hain: **NSE (National Stock Exchange)** aur **BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange).
3.Bull aur Bear Market:
Stock market ke trend ko samajhna trading ke liye bahut zaroori hai. Jab market mein shares ke prices consistently badhte hain, to usse **Bull Market** kehte hain, aur jab prices continuously girte hain, to usse **Bear Market** kehte hain.
4.Market Orders Aur Limit Orders:
Equity trading mein do tareeke se aap shares kharid ya bech sakte hain:
*Market Order*.
Ismein aap shares ko current market price pe kharidte ya bechte hain.
*Limit Order*:
Ismein aap ek specific price set karte hain. Jab market us price tak pahuchti hai, tabhi aapka order execute hota hai.
5.Volatility:
Stock market ki volatility ka matlab hai price fluctuations. High volatility market mein shares ke prices bahut tezi se badhte ya girtte hain. Trading karte waqt yeh samajhna zaroori hai ki market mein kab high volatility hai aur kab low. Ye samjhne ke liye aap Supertrend indicator ka use kar sakte hain.
# Equity Trading Ke Fayde
Equity trading ke kuch khaas fayde hote hain jo use investors ke liye attractive banate hain:
1.High Returns:
Agar aapne sahi stocks ko choose kiya aur market ka analysis sahi kiya, to aapko kaafi accha return mil sakta hai. Long-term investors ko stocks se achhe returns milte hain, jo FD ya mutual funds se zyada ho sakte hain.
2.Liquidity:
Equity trading mein aap kabhi bhi shares ko cash mein convert kar sakte hain. Stock market highly liquid hoti hai, yani aap apni asset ko jaldi se cash mein badal sakte hain.
3.Ownership:
Stocks kharidne se aap company mein ownership paate hain. Jab company profit karti hai, to aapko uska hissa milta hai, aur agar company fail hoti hai to aapko loss bhi hota hai. Lekin ownership ka yeh fayda hai ki aapko voting rights milte hain.
## Equity Trading Se Judi Kuch Challenges
Trading se profit kamaana jitna asaan lagta hai, utna hota nahi. Ismein kuch major challenges bhi hote hain:
1.Market Risk:
Stock market volatile hoti hai. Prices bahut tezi se badh bhi sakte hain aur gir bhi sakte hain. Is wajah se investors ko kabhi-kabhi bade nuksaan ka samna bhi karna padta hai.
2.Emotional Control:
Market ke upar ya neeche jaane se log emotional decisions lete hain. Fear ya greed ke chakkar mein aksar log galat trades kar baithte hain, jo unhe nukhsaan pahucha sakte hain. Isiliye trading mein emotional control bohot zaroori hota hai.
3.Information Overload:
Market mein lagataar new information aati rehti hai. Kabhi-kabhi itni saari news hoti hai ki traders ko confusion hota hai ki kispe focus karein aur kispe nahi. Yeh decision-making ko mushkil bana sakta hai.
# Kaise Shuru Karen Equity Trading?
Agar aap equity trading shuru karna chahte hain, to yahaan kuch steps hain jo aapko follow karne chahiye:
1.Demat Account Kholein:
Sabse pehle, aapko ek Demat account kholna hoga. Yeh account aapke shares ko electronic format mein store karta hai. Bina Demat account ke aap shares ko trade nahi kar sakte.
2.Stock Broker Choose Karein:
Trading karne ke liye aapko ek stock broker ki zaroorat hoti hai. Aapko ek aise broker ka election karna chahiye jo acchi brokerage fees offer kare aur achhi trading platform services de.
3.Market Research Karein:
Agar aap bina research ke shares kharidne lagte hain, to chances hain ki aap nukhsaan mein chale jaayein. Isiliye market ka analysis, companies ki performance, aur market trends ko samajhna zaroori hota hai.market ko analysis karne ke liye aap Trading View application ka use kar sakte hain.
4.Investment Plan Banayein:
Trading shuru karne se pehle ek proper investment plan banayein. Aapko pata hona chahiye ki aap short-term ke liye invest kar rahe hain ya long-term ke liye.
## Conclusion
Equity trading ek aisi cheez hai jo aapko bade profits de sakti hai, lekin ismein risk bhi equally high hai. Isiliye zaroori hai ki aap achhi tarah se market ko samjhein aur bina proper analysis ke kabhi bhi investment na karein. Agar aap patience ke saath trading karte hain aur emotional decisions lene se bachte hain, to aapke trading career kaafi successful ho sakta hai.
